The Financial Status Of The Firm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Financial Status Of The Firm - Essay Example If a company enters in a factoring of receivables it must realize that the discount given to the buyer at the time of the sales constitutes the cost or interest rate being charged on the sale of the account receivables. If the customer defaults on the payment of the account receivable the company that loses are the buyer in the factoring agreement. There is a correlation between sales, cash, and account receivables. All sales end up being either cash or credit sales. A credit sale creates an account receivable for the company. The industry standard is that account receivables should convert to cash within 30 days. If it takes longer to collect the account receivable the cash flow of the company position of the company could be affected. Company A has to revise its credit sales policy. Delinquency in collecting account receivables could be one of the reasons the company is facing cash flow problems. The firm should either discontinue credit sales or change the credit policy to 15 days credit. The management team of the firm does not want to incur more debt. This eliminates the solution of issuing bonds which constitutes a long-term debt. I highly recommend the company apply for a credit line. A credit line does not constitute any debt if it is not used. This solution would provide the company with instant purchasing power in case the company reaches the cero cash point. It is important to remember that cero cash means that the company becomes insolvent and would have to shut down its operations.

Silent films VS films from our time Research Paper

Silent films VS films from our time - Research Paper Example Sound design is one of the most noticeable and transformative elements of film art due to its capacity to heighten the emphasis of other film elements such as the Mise-en-scene and Editing. Accordingly, this research studies the sound design of Metropolis and LOTR with the intention of identifying the influence of sound design on the overall structure of the films. Basically, this research contends that Metropolis and LOTR have similar usage of sound film as a supporting aspect of the action-filled characters and events in the two films. 2.0. Film Sound In filmmaking, film sound includes the process of creating and manipulating sounds; it covers both the technical and creative aspects of audio presentation that may contribute to the overall effect of the film (Dakic, 2009, p. 1). For instance, filmmakers may create new sets of sounds that could backup their preferred videos and images appropriately while they could also alter existing sound to achieve their desired effects. In discus sing the significance of sound design, Pramaggiore and Wallis (2005) state that sound design is a vital aspect of filmmaking, both in the Silent and Contemporary film periods, because of its capacity to extend the story of the film even without lengthening the dialogues of the characters (p. 209). For instance, any subtle, or explicit changes in the sound effects either corresponds to changes in the mood of the characters, or even signals a forthcoming, unexpected event in the film. Consequently, Dakic (2009) mentions that such an influence of sound design in cinemas contributes to the overall interplay of cinematic elements such as dialogues, characters, and events while maintaining little attention to itself as a cinematic element, as well (p. 1). According to King (1996), silent films still use sounds, regardless of the misconceptions about the lack of sound effects of the said film genre (p. 31). In addition, King (1996) explains that such misconceptions are rooted in the preval ence of synchronized audio-visual imagery in today’s contemporary films wherein audio recordings and videos are successfully edited and integrated to form the overall visual and auditory reality of the film. Instead, King (1996) contends that Silent Film uses sounds as the primary aspect that helps audience understand the emotional impact of the film, considering that the conversations of the characters are not audible enough for the audience to hear. Relatively, Silent Films rely heavily on the expressionist actions of the actors, as well as the live performances of the musical ensembles in the cinema. Contemporary action films also highlight the role of sound film in the overall impact of the movie. In the words of Sergi (2005), the significance of sound film rises to prominence along with the invention of digital audio technologies wherein the audience derive insights from the subtle changes in the sound effects, as much as changes in the personalities and actions of the c haracters (p. 3). In modern films, film sound functions as an integral part of the movie; it fills the silence and gaps while it also supports the transitions of videos. It also has a significant emotive impact that is similar to its usage during the Silent Film period. For instance, modern filmmakers emphasize the interplay between videos and sounds, particularly in foreshadowing certain cinematic events, as well as aiding the visual

Bicycle Frame Materials

Bicycle Frame Materials Introduction Throughout history the concept of the bicycle has been used and manipulated with materials from all over the spectrum exercised. In recent years, machining methods have become advanced enough to manipulate all different grades of metals, from the most popular being steel, to alloying titanium based alloys, however not only metal materials are being used. Carbon fibre, a generic term of the composition of carbon fibre weave and epoxy resin, is the worlds most recent popular material to be used on practically everything in the automotive industry, from gear knobs to the complete chassis on the Porsche Carrera GT for example, which is slowly expanding into the bicycle market and beyond. Nowadays bicycle manufacturers have an apparent unlimited array of materials, joining processes and finishing techniques, which should theoretically be able to produce the best bicycle frame on the market. Taking modern day complications into account, the best bicycle frame material(s) are perhaps inappr opriate in terms of manufacturing price and market sale value. Despite this, using Cambridge Engineering Selector (CES Software), by setting up engineering constraints, looking at material selection indices and loading patterns on components; a single best material is to be determined. Product Definition As not all bicycles are aimed at the same user market, with the intention to design a bike for different purposes such as; mountain bikes, city bikes, leisure bikes, road bikes, race bikes, etc. the constraints and objectives of how the bicycle frame should react under pressure during use are different. It is because of this, the best material can differ from bicycle type, and therefore a category of bike must be specified. The bicycle category to be specified is a small sub-category of road bikes called fixed gear bikes or fixies. This category of bike has recently sprung up all over the world, with its major uprising leading back to Brooklyn, New York; however a cult following has arisen in major cities around the globe. This type of bike and cycling style lends its origins back to track racing, where the same style of bike is used in the Olympics and other bike sporting events. The fixie style has become popular on the road for its agility and acceleration around town for commuting as well as its fitness affiliation for of course only having one gear. This sub category of bike is often used for part recreation, part fitness use, yet mainly as a means of transport in and around town. This recent uprising has uncovered many different materials of bike frame, from old 1980s track bikes made from steel to recently manufactured aluminium and carbon fibre composite frames which are used on this type of bike and style of riding. Materials Selection Possible Constraints The frame components will be subject to different forces, of which several will experience the same force depending on different loading conditions. The seat tube will experience constant compression forces from the weight of the rider as well reactions from road pushing back up towards the rider, whereas the down tube will experience tensional forces holding the crank area together with the fork assembly; however braking will give rise to compression. Other features such as the seat stays will experience constant compression and lateral stress from the braking mechanisms, of which stiffness is a vital property of the material. Youngs modulus or stiffness is also very important in the design of the forks due to instantaneous braking encouraging the forks to bend. Density The density of the material will affect highly the efficiency and feel of the bike when ridden. More energy is required to brake or accelerate the bike that has a high density frame, consequently making the bike hard to control and manoeuvre. A lightweight material is vital to create the ideal bicycle frame to improve manoeuvrability, braking and acceleration performance. This is why a constraint of density is to be limited at 5000 KG/M^3. This encompasses common frame materials such as aluminium and titanium alloys. [4] Youngs Modulus The stiffness of the frame is vital to prevent plastic deformation of the frame when ridden over obstacles, however if the frame is too stiff there will too much vibration from road surfaces. A constraint of materials above 30GPa are acceptable for the intended use, however materials above 400GPa are considered too stiff and will result in a harsh incontrollable bicycle. [4] Tensile and Compressive Stress Tensile stress occurs on many of the components of the bicycle frame and is a common failing property by overloading the frame which consequently makes it a high priority factor. Materials above of tensile stress value 300MPa and above are acceptable. Compression is also a major stress force abundant in the bicycle frame, in places such as the rear seat stays and seat tube from gravity pulling the weight of the rider toward the ground. Poor compressive forces will translate into a mess of buckled piping. [4] Yield Strength The yield strength determines the amount of force required to plastically deform the material of which the material is permanently deformed after yielding. This can be applied to sudden impacts or over loading of the frame which can lead to failure of the frame, perhaps resulting in injury when ridden. The higher the yield strength, the higher force the frame will be able to withstand which is favourable in frame design. [4] Elongation Elongation relates to brittle and ductile properties of a material, where high percentage elongation leads to ductile properties and low percentage elongation leads to brittle properties. If a material is too brittle, it theoretically could fracture into small parts which are to be avoided when cycling. It would be preferable for the material to plastically deform to a large extent before failure as this will prevent injury if a sudden stop is experienced. A material with a very high percentage elongation is also to be avoided as the frame will not keep its shape and deform with the weight of the rider. Materials below 40% elongation will provide favourable elongation properties. [4][5] Fatigue Strength The maximum cyclical stresses can be examined and applied to a bicycle frame directly, mimicking the repetitive stresses when ridden. This can therefore extrapolate the life of the bicycle frame given the amount of repetitive load applied when ridden. [4][5] Torsion Stress Torsion loading occurs upon acceleration of the bicycle where the frame is moved from side to side under the lateral forces applied by the rider from the torque applied. The usual lateral loading on the frame is transferred to slight longitudinal loading. The torsion capabilities of the material must be taken into account which also highly affects the joining processes of the bicycle frame. [4][5] Material Objectives Set-up and Index Selection To find the best material for a fixed gear bike frame, the main objective is to prioritise engineering performance; reducing weight, increasing stiffness. The agility of the frame is the main characteristic of which turning reactions, acceleration and deceleration performance are vital to a successful fixed gear bike to be used in and around town as well as for training purposes. The indices used to input into CES will define stiffness-limited design at minimum mass. The frame features that are tensile loaded, creating a tie between two other frame beams will use the index Youngs Modulus / Density, E/ à Ã‚ . Increasing this index will locate suitable materials that exert stiffness, combined with low density, however also giving the best tensile properties. The compression index, for components loaded in compression, is (Youngs Modulus ^  ½)/Density, E1/2 / à Ã‚  will also locate the best materials for that type of loading. For components loaded in bending the index (Youngs Modulus ^  ½)/Density, E1/2 / à Ã‚ , will also be used. For strength limited design, locating the best material for tensile strength before yielding and plastic deformation of the frame occurs, the index yield strength/density, à Ã†â€™f / à Ã‚ , is to be used. Locating the best material for compression strength will also use this index. For the seatstays and fork components, loaded in bending, the index à Ã†â€™f2/3 / à Ã‚  will be used. Maximising these indices will locate the best materials for each specified type of loading. [6] Outcomes using CES Function: Bicycle frame Constraints: Must not fail under rider weight and road reactions. Objective: Overall mass of bicycle frame is to be reduced, without sacrificing stiffness and strength. Variables: Material choice, material section shape, finishing techniques. Before inputting constraints, the graphs of Youngs Modulus over density and yield strength over density appear as follows using education level 2: Figure 5. Youngs modulus over density CES. Figure 6. Yield strength over density. CES. Inputting the constraints, CES outlines groups of materials that meet the constraints: Figure 7. Youngs modulus over density using constraints. CES. Figure 8. Yield strength over density using constraints. CES. CES software has outlined different materials from the groups: composites, metals and alloys, and technical ceramics. These materials are: Aluminium alloys Titanium alloys Beryllium alloys Carbon fibre composites Magnesium alloys Silicon based technical ceramics Aluminium alloys Aluminium alloys are extremely light and shows signs of high elongation, these factors direct aluminium toward being a good candidate for a bicycle frame, however aluminium has a low youngs modulus value and certain alloys exhibit low tensile strength values. These properties may give the bicycle frame flexibility, however current aluminium bicycle frames are certainly not flexible as they tend to have a larger diameter top tube and general radii over the frame components to counter act this. The fatigue values for aluminium alloys are very low, which indicates that after a while the frame will crack and fail, which is definitely something to avoid. Current bicycle frame manufacturers use butting technology in aluminium frames to combat this, by increasing the thickness of the tube at where the material is needed most. [4] Titanium alloys Titanium alloys are around double the weight of aluminium alloys, yet around half that density of steel alloys, making up for this are the high tensile strength and Youngs modulus values which enable to frame to be manufactured from thinner tube sections than aluminium which reduce overall weight. The fatigue values are also high which means that the frame will last for a long time. [4][7] Magnesium alloys Magnesium alloys are even lighter than aluminium alloys and have a slightly better fatigue value. Magnesium alloys also have a low Youngs modulus value, lower than aluminium which indicates flexible frame properties which will have to be yet again solved using tube section thickness design. Magnesium alloys look promising and have good properties that can be applied to a bicycle frame, however they have low corrsosion resistance which has to be overcome by surface treatments. On the current market, few frames have been made from the material as they tend to be very expensive. [4][7][8] CFRP, Carbon Fibre Re-enforced Plastic CFRP, a composite material, is lighter than all the metals previously mentioned as well as having high a Youngs modulus, tensile value, and relatively high fatigue strength values. This material is currently being used all over the bicycle market, from strictly track bikes to road racers, complete frames or part CFRP frames, and components used in mountain bike off road frames. The modulus of the epoxy resin is extremely low, resulting in a brittle material; which consequently affects the method of which the CFRP layers are applied. CFRP has good tensile properties, however not very high compression or torsion properties, so the angle at which the carbon fibre layers are applied must be taken into consideration, otherwise turning bends could turn the frame into a fractured mess. This is also evident in the extremely low elongation value, 0.032% 035% [3][4][8] Technical Ceramics, Silicon Carbide Silicon carbide, unlike ceramics in general has a good tensile value similar to that of titanium, aluminium and CFRP, and a youngs modulus value four times that of titanium. This implies that silicon carbide has a positively good outlook on a perspective bicycle frame, displaying high fatigue values and having a slightly lower density than titanium. Silicon carbide does however have a low percentage elongation at 0% [3] which boasts the potential for producing a hybrid material to increase this value. [4][11] [10] Beryllium Beryllium is often used as an alloying material to increase hardness properties, however it also has a very high youngs modulus value and is lightweight. Beryllium could not be used to solely manufacture a bicycle frame as it is poisonous, especially with inhalation. [12][5][4] It is visible to see the groups of materials commonly used on bicycle frames from the graphs produced; however there are not any specific materials shown. Enabling education level 3, the database of materials becomes more specific and materials that do not meet the constraints are ignored. By maximising the indices, individual materials can be identified. CES software has located Cyanate ester/HM carbon fibre UD composite 0 ° lamina by maximising the indices as the best material for a bicycle frame. The unidirectional lamina allows the tensile and youngs modulus values to be uniform within the material, rather than have a directional flow providing room for failure by torsion. The composition of 30-40% polymer and 60-70% carbon fibre maintains a high level of stiffness and fatigue strength from the carbon fibre and reduces the brittle properties of the polymer resin. The CES outcome may have located the best material for a fixed gear bike frame, with the objective minimise the weight of the overall frame, without sacrificing stiffness and strength, however joining processes, surface treatments/coatings and shapes need to be considered. Joining processes Current CFRP frames are either manufactured by using tubular lugs of aluminium or titanium, and then pre-made CFRP tubes aligned and stuck into place with further layered CFRP and epoxy adhesives. The joining between the two different types of materials has led to corrosion and failing, which has directed manufacturers to create frames solely using CFRP. Continuous laminating can be used to cover a mandrel of which the removal of the mandrel gives rise to a shaped tube or hollow section necessary for the specified component. One method used to create low batch numbers of CFRP frames is autoclave moulding, which builds up the CFRP layers by hand, this technique creates a monocoque CFRP shell which has superior stiffness, strength and is extremely lightweight; frames lower than one kilogram have been produced. [8] Shape Factors Cyanate ester/HM carbon fibre UD composite 0 ° lamina has a maximum shape factor value for elastic bending (Max à Ã¢â‚¬ ¢eB) of 12.3. By using this value, the shape efficiency can be compared against other materials determining if other materials exhibit better stiffness and resistance to bending properties. Using CES a graph can be drawn of Youngs modulus over density with the index à Ã‚  /E1/ 2, which will show the maximum bending stiffness whilst reducing weight. As the shape of the material is not fixed, in general materials used for lightweight structural objectives require low à Ã‚ /(à Ã¢â‚¬  eBE)1/2 values. The materials will be selected as they provide the best properties. [10] By comparing alloys used frequently in the manufacture of bicycle frames against the CFRP based material CES located, it is possible to see the benefits of firstly the shape factor attributed to aluminium, giving it good structural properties despite its low youngs modulus value. However the lower value of the determined CFRP material means that it has better shape efficiency and will have better in service properties at providing a lightweight stiff bicycle frame, resistant to bending forces. The titanium, given its stiffness will be able to produce a lighter frame than one made of steel and aluminium, yet does not have a better bending shape factor shown by the aluminium alloy. Magnesium, despite having the lowest modulus has a maximum bending factor lower than the aluminium alloy, which is one of the reasons why it is becoming an increasingly popular base alloy for bicycle frames. [10] Hybrid Bicycle Frame The extreme stiffness of the Cyanate ester/HM carbon fibre UD composite 0 ° lamina bicycle frame will create a very stiff ride, of which the road surface will be felt through the frame to the rider. One way to prevent this is to use larger or thicker tyres, which will reduce vibration, however will significantly increase friction and reduce top speed and acceleration times. A method to reduce these problems would be to develop a frame that utilised a couple of materials and blended them together to give longitudinal damping properties yet maintain the transverse stiffness and lightweight properties. This could be achieved by using titanium on the main triangular frame due to its 5-10% elongation property, extremely high fatigue, tensile and lightweight properties; and using the CFRP on the chain stays, seat stays and fork components for its extremely high shape factor and bending stiffness value. This will also create a high fatigue resistance of the frame making it last for m any miles of riding, however problems may occur with the joining of the two materials when using acrylic based or epoxy glues to bond the two sections together as this interferes with the structure and could lead to corrosion or failure from loading. [8][7][6] A hybrid material could be answer to creating the perfect bike frame using silicon carbide, boron carbide and aluminium, also known as MMC duralcan alloys, or alumina B4C alloys. Alloys using these materials have already been created, making use of silicon and boron carbides mechanical properties and combining them with aluminiums structural advantages. The aluminium carbide composites exhibit good bending factor values as well as high Youngs modulus values, fatigue strength, tensile strength and very high compressive strength, which makes the material promising for use as a bicycle frame. Surface Treatments Surface treatments such as anodizing are common in todays current bicycle market, for example on aluminium where the reactive surface is covered with an oxide layer and the thickness controlled using anodizing. This prolongs the life of the frame by reducing the risk of corrosion. Electroplating is also used for corrosion resistance or to improve hardness, this method is usually used on metals; however non-metals can be plated once painted with an electrically conductive material. This can give metals shiny mirror finishes, synthesizing the look of commonly expensive materials such as gold or silver. For metals and non-metals, organic solvent based paints are widely used to give the frame exciting colours and finishes. Organic solvent based paints are usually applied to carbon fibre; however it is sometimes preferred to show the craftsmanship of the carbon fibre in its natural form showing the weave pattern. [4][10] Conclusion The best materials for a fixed gear road bike come in the form of carbon fibre re-enforced plastics; this is because of the lightweight, high modulus frames they create. The shape factor contributes highly to the success of the material by creating stiff tubular sections that are resistant to bending and plastic deformation also improved by their high yield strength values. The tensile and compression properties shown by the material are very high and work well at absorbing shock, distributing the stress throughout the frame. The orientation of the carbon fibre is very important as this affects the tensile and compression values that the material can take before fracture in the longitudinal and transverse directions, vital to the frame staying in one piece when turning, decelerating or accelerating rapidly. A uni-directional laminate is preferable as the fibres provide optimum stress and strain abilities. The metals mentioned provide lightweight solutions to the bicycle frame; however each has issues, whether it is low youngs modulus or fatigue limits that need to be addressed. These issues are usually solved by means of alloying or using shape factors to increase or decrease tube thicknesses or use of butting and other joining processes.

the great gatsby Essay -- Literature

Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is a novel that explains the conflicts between love, sin, and death. It is a story of love and how love can be quickly lost or hidden beneath the surface. It reveals what people go through in this decade, as well as the novel’s decade. There are conflicts throughout the novel of lust, sin, and pure evil. It basically explains the way the human mind operates when the heart is completely and undeniably in love with another. The fact that the people in this novel went to the extreme to have the one they loved, innocent people tragically ended up in a realm of violence, betrayal, and their own undeserved death. The Great Gatsby is a novel that takes the reader back to the time of the â€Å"Jazz Age†. Times were simpler but love was confusing. The most explicit written by Cheever to Gatsby comes earlier in the story to alert the reader of the more subtle parallels to the novel that follow (Allen). Jay Gatsby had everything except for the one thing he desired most, Daisy. She was the love of his life, yet, unfortunately for him, she had already been married to Tom. This small predicament, however did not seem to stop Gatsby. Throughout the novel, one can see how Jay and Daisy’s love grows. What started out as a simple friendship grew much stronger. Meanwhile, while they were rekindling their love, Tom had another secret love of his own. He was seeing Myrtle Wilson, a woman who, herself, was already married as well to George Wilson. This novel is about the circle of love affairs that tie this group of individuals together. Unfortunately, by the end of this novel, no one ends up with their ‘happily ever after’. No one was truly satisfied with what they had. The way this group of friends interacted with each oth... ...e Work." The Great Gatsby: The Limits of Wonder. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1990. 11-15. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Linda Pavlovski. Vol. 157. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 24 Jan. 2012. Phelps, Henry C. "Literary History/Unsolved Mystery: The Great Gatsby and the Hall-Mills Murder Case." ANQ 14.3 (2001): 33. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 26 Jan. 2012. Sutton, Brian. "Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby." Explicator 59.1 (Fall 2000): 37-39. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Linda Pavlovski. Vol. 157. Detroit: Gale, 2005.Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 23 Jan. 2012. Trask, David F. "A Note on Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby." University Review 33.3 (Mar. 1967): 197-202. Rpt. in Novels for Students. Ed. Diane Telgen. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 1998. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 26 Jan. 2012.

Personal Vision of Ministry

Personal Vision of Ministry Statement â€Å"Creative,  loving,  and  inspired  ministry  that  loosens  the burdens of religion, and  leads  people to a  lifetime,  obedient relationship with our  Lord  Jesus Christ. † Each word in that  vision  statement is very significant to me and describes my spiritual being to this point. Creativity  is important to me, not just because advertising or me being a bit imaginative, but because from the beginning, our God was a creative God; I don’t believe there is any room  for  becoming stagnant in Christianity.Love  is the central theme of the Bible, and it is the most important of the Great Commandment’s. It is only through daily submission that  inspiration  will come, and it is only through inspiration and testimony that I find the strength to carry out God’s work. There are  two â€Å"R† words  that are distinctive when sharing ministry:  Religion and Relatio nship. They are not the same. Religion: being the belief in and worship of a personal God or Gods Details of belief as taught or discussed.Relationship: the way in which two or more concepts, objects, or people are connected, or the state of being connected. Example being Jesus Christ connected as our personal Lord and Savior. So this would be my personal ministry of how I am to share Christ Jesus Love. To be able to teach, and lead others to Christ through scripture. As a church youth minister, I should be one that is connected with today’s youth. A youth minister should lead children, not only in their spiritual growth but their personal development as well.A youth minister needs to possess great leadership qualities and have plenty of experience and testimony in order to share with the children. I must be able to train and encourage others within the church. I will be discipline, self-motivated, organized, and spiritually mature. This is why I believe AME will help me furt her Gods ministry, and gain more knowledge of who God is. Scripture says Lots about knowledge throughout the bible. One of my favorite verses explaining Gods sovereign knowledge is in Proverbs.Proverbs 3:1-35:  My son, do not forget my teaching, but let your heart keep my commandments, for length of days and years of life and peace they will add to you. Let not steadfast love and faithfulness for sake you; bind them around your neck; write them on the tablet of your heart. So you will find favor and good success in the sight of God and man. Trust in the Lord  with all your heart, and do not lean on your own understanding. | | | May God use me to accomplish His purposes.

Comparison Essay: Susan Glaspell’s “the Jury of Her Peers”

Susan Glaspell’s â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers† and Eudora Welty’s â€Å"A Worn Path† are great examples of the use of symbolism in short story literature. â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers† tells the story of a murder investigation that takes place in Dickson County in the 1910’s, in which Minnie Wright is the main suspect. Welty’s piece, on the other hand, is a narration of an old black woman’s long journey to get her sick grandson a Christmas present, a selfless deed on Phoenix’s behalf. In both stories, the use of symbolism is clearly reproduced, in a similar manner, to develop the character and the situation.However, the depth and the complexity of those symbols, provides â€Å"A Worn Path† with a much better content-symbol relationship, which in turn, works better for the plot of the story. A character’s personality and main traits are amongst the most important elements in any literary piece and the use of sy mbolism is an excellent tool toward accomplishing roundness in a character. In â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers†, the bird (a canary) is the symbol used to describe Minnie’s character as â€Å"Real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and – fluttery† (208).This symbol embodies Minnie before she got married and was taken away by her husband to live in total isolation. Although the symbol is well presented in the story, it is done so in a literal way, which takes away from the meaning and interpretation to be given by the reader. The female characters in the story make allusion, in parts of their speech, to this symbol. This can be observed when one of the characters (the sheriff’s wife) says â€Å"She [Minnie] – come to think of it, she was kind of like a bird herself† (208), which covers in a few words, the meaning of the bird symbol.In contrast, in â€Å"A Worn Path†, the meaning of the symbol proposed to define the main character, is implied rather than literarily presented. Phoenix, which is the protagonist’s name, is also a mythical bird that is characterized by its strength, long life and the ability to rise from its own ashes after it dies. This interpretation, or any other that can be drawn in accordance to different mythologies, is not mentioned in any way along the story. It is implied and can only be deduced through the knowledge of the protagonist’s determination and drive.As she travels â€Å"up through pines† (6) and â€Å"down through oaks† (6), this old lady never even considers giving up and returning home empty handed. Similarly, the situation presented in both stories is also exposed through the use of symbolism. In â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers†, this symbolism is introduced in the form of a cage, which is home to Minnie’s canary but, at the same time, represents her current situation. The symbol in this case is used to show the isolation and confinemen t in which Minnie is living â€Å"down in a hollow†¦ lonesome place† (198). It is a universal symbol and, as such, can be easily interpreted. However, it is not a very deep one; it is does not take much effort for a reader to realize its meaning. In contrast, â€Å"A Worn Path† uses an authorial symbol, which only applies to the context of the story. This in no way means a better way of presenting the situation, but the way the symbol is put in the story does give it a deeper meaning. The paper windmill is, in this context, set to represent Phoenix’s situation.She is a â€Å"very old and small† (1) woman, frail and poor, which is exactly what the paper windmill is used to symbolize, a very fragile and cheap object. This symbolism can also be analyzed from Phoenix’s grandson’s point of view, as to him, it would be a symbol of generosity and kindness. No matter how poor they are, his grandmother spent money and effort to surprise him. As old Phoenix told the nurse in town, â€Å"He going to find hard to believe there such a thing in the world†, such is his perception of his grandmother.As shown before, symbolism is a great tool that, when used properly, can provide a short story with a lot of meaning and depth. It is an excellent way to imply significance to a simple element in a story and to provide a deeper sense of the reality to the reader. Welty’s piece, â€Å"A Worn Path†, achieves a higher level of connotation than Glaspell does in â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers†, where the meaning of the elements used as symbols are either explained within the piece, or too simple to have a deep meaning.Also, the combination of universal and authorial symbols provides â€Å"A Worn Path† with more ideas and conclusions to be drawn from the symbols presented. In conclusion, Welty makes better use of symbolism to accomplish a more complete piece. â€Å"A Worn Path† is an excellent example of the proper use of symbolism to deliver a story that is both deep and interesting. It provides the reader with an attention-grabbing plot as well as, implied ideas that give the reader a better sense of the significance of the symbols used without actually explaining them.WORK CITED Glaspell, Susan. â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers†. Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Robert Zweig. 5th Compact ed. Toronto: Pearson Longman, 2012. 170. Print. Welty, Eudora. â€Å"A Worn Path†. Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. Ed. Edgar V. Roberts and Robert Zweig. 5th Compact ed. Toronto: Pearson Longman, 2012. 270. Print. APPENDICES OUTLINE I. Introduction: Thesis statement the use of symbolism is clearly reproduced, in a similar manner, to develop the character and the situation.However, the depth and the complexity of those symbols, provides â€Å"A Worn Path† with a much better content-symbol relationship, which in turn , works better for the plot of the story. II. Body: A. First paragraph * Key idea: use of symbolism to define the protagonist. * â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers† * â€Å"A Worn Path† B. Second paragraph * Key idea: use of symbolism to set the situation in the story. * â€Å"The Jury of Her Peers† * â€Å"A Worn Path† C. Third paragraph * Key idea: Personal opinion on which story uses symbolism best. III. Conclusion The essay is summarized and a conclusion is presented from the points exposed throughout its content.